Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'icyuma 304, 304L, 316 na 316l?

Ni ikihe cyica si ibyuma?

Icyuma kitagira ingaruka ni ubwoko bwibyuma. Icyuma bivuga ibyuma birimo karubone iri munsi ya 2% (c), kandi ibirenze 2% ni icyuma. Ongeraho Chromium (Cr), nikel (ni), Manganese (MN), Silicon (Ntabwo ari ibintu byo kurwanya indwara ya steel biteza imbere ibyuma bitera ibyuma.
Niki mubyukuri "ibyuma" n "" icyuma ", ni ibihe bintu bafite, kandi ni ubuhe busabane hagati yabo? Nigute 304, 304l, 316, na 316l dusanzwe tuvuga dukomokaho, kandi ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yabo?
Icyuma: Ibikoresho bifite icyuma nkikintu cyingenzi, ibirimo bya karubone muri rusange munsi ya 2%, nibindi bintu. --GB / T 13304-91 "Icyuma cya Steel"
Icyuma: Ikintu cyicyuma gifite nimero ya 26. Ibikoresho byumugozi bifite ferromagnesm, plastike nziza, hamwe nubushyuhe.
Icyuma kitagira ikinyabumbanyi: kurwanya umwuka, guhumeka, amazi, nibindi bitangazamakuru byintege nke cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ishingiro. Amanota yakoreshejwe mu ibyuma bikunze gukoreshwa ni 304, 304l, 316, na 316l, ni ibihimbano 300 byibyuma bidafite ishingiro.

 

Kuki ibyuma bitagira ingaruka bifite nimero zitandukanye?

Mugihe cyo gushonga gushonga ibyuma bidafite ingaruka, kubera ubwoko butandukanye bwibintu bivuguruye byongeweho, umubare wubwoko butandukanye wongeyeho uratandukanye. Ibiranga nabyo biratandukanye. Kugirango tubatandukane, umubare munini wicyuma wambitswe ikamba. Ibikurikira ni imbonerahamwe ya "AHLY Element" ikubiyemo umubare wimibare itandukanye yicyuma gisanzwe
Imiti (agace ka rusange,%)

 

 

 

Intangiriro y'imikorere: 

304 Icyuma kitagira ingaruka nicyiciro rusange. Nk'icyuma gikoreshwa cyane, gifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya ubushyuhe, hasi - imbaraga z'ubushyuhe, na minda; Ifite akazi gashyushye nko kashe kandi ikanagirana kandi idafite ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ibintu (non-}}} magnetic, impamyabumenyi -196 Impamyabumenyi C ~ 800 Impamyabumenyi ya C ~ 800).

 

Urwego rukoreshwa:

Ibicuruzwa byo murugo (icyiciro cya 1 na 2 Imyandikire, akabati, imiyoboro yo mu nzu, gushyushya amazi, boater, ubwogero);
Ibice by'imodoka (abatsindira wikirahuru, mufflers, kubumba);
Ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho byo kubaka, chimie, inganda zibiribwa, ubuhinzi, nibice byoherejwe.

 

 

Intangiriro y'imikorere:

Nka - karuboni 304 ibyuma, ibyuma byabyo birasa nuwa 304 ibyuma muri rusange. Ariko, nyuma yo gusudira cyangwa guhagarika umutima, bifite imbaraga nziza ku mbibi z'ingano; Irashobora kandi gukomeza kurwanya ruswa idafite ubushyuhe, kandi ubushyuhe bwa serivisi ni impamyabumenyi C kugeza 800 impamyabumenyi C.

 

Urwego rukoreshwa:

Bishyizwe ku mashini zo mu murima mu rwego rw'umuriro, amakara, n'inganda za peteroli zisaba kurwanya ibitero by'ingano, ubushyuhe - ibice birwanya ibikoresho byo kubaka, n'ibice bigoye gushyuha.

 

 

 

Intangiriro y'imikorere:

Kubera ko holybdenum, ibyuma 316 bidafite ingaruka byatewe cyane no kurwanya ruswa, kandi hejuru ya ruswa, kandi hejuru - imbaraga z'imiti; Ifite akazi keza cyane (oya -} magnetic).

 

Urwego rukoreshwa:

Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu mazi yo mu nyanja, imiti, irangi, irangi, impapuro, aside oxalic, ifumbire, n'ibindi bikoresho byo gukora; Gufotora, inganda zibiribwa, ibikoresho byo ku nkombe, imigozi, inkoni, bolts, hamwe n'imbuto.

 

 

 

 

Ibigize imiti

 

Ubwoko	C Max	Mn Max	P Max	C Max	Si Max	Cr	Ni	Mo	ikindi
304	0.08	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	18-20	8-12		--
304L	0.03	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	18-20	8-12		--
316	0.08	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	16-18	10-14	2-3	--
316L	0.03	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	16-18	10-14	2-3	--

 

316 na 316l itagira ibyuma ni molybdenum {{2} ikubiyemo ubwoko bwibyuma butagira ingano. Ibirimo bya Molybdenum muri 316l ibyuma birenga gato kurenza ibyo biri mumiti 316 idafite ibyuma. Kubera Molybdenum mucyuma, imikorere rusange yicyuma nibyiza kurenza ibya 310 na 304 ibyuma. Munsi ya {{10} Mugusaba aho binnealing nyuma yo gusudira bidashoboka kandi aho kurwanya ibicuruzwa byinshi bisabwa.

 

Kurwanya Kwangirika

Kurwanya ruswa kubyuma 316 bidafite umutekano biruta ibyuma 304 bitagira ingano, kandi bifite ihohoterwa rishingiye ku nkombe mu buryo bwo gukora ku buryo bw'umusaruro w'intoki n'impapuro. Byongeye kandi, ibyuma 316 bidafite ingaruka kandi kandi irwanya isuri by marine kandi ikaze mu buryo bw'inganda.

Muri rusange, nta tandukaniro ryinshi ryicyuma 304 bitagira ingano na 316 idafite ibyuma mubijyanye no kurwanya ruswa, ariko hariho itandukaniro mubitangazamakuru runaka.

Icyuma kitagira ingaruka mbere yari 304, yunvikana no gukubita byoroshye ibintu bimwe. Ongeraho molybdenum ya 2-3% igabanya iyi mitini, bityo 316 yavutse. Byongeye kandi, iyi molybdenum yinyongera irashobora kugabanya ruswa ya acide ashyushye.

316 Ibyuma bitagira ingaruka ku bikoresho bisanzwe mubiribwa n'ibinyobwa. Kubera ibura ryo kubura molybdenum hamwe nibiri muri Nikel yo hejuru mumiti 316 idafite ibyuma, ibyuma 316 bidahenze bihenze kurenza 304 ibyuma bidafite ishingiro.

Kwirukana ibiryo ni ibintu biterwa ahanini no kubitsa kugata ku ibyuma bidafite ingaruka, bidashobora gushinga urwego ruringira oxide yo kuri chromium kubera kubura ogisijeni.

Cyane cyane muri valve nto, amahirwe yo kubitsa kuri plaque ya valve ni nto cyane, bityo igatera ubwoba kandi ni gake.

Mu bwoko butandukanye bw'itangazamakuru ry'amazi (amazi atonda, amazi yo kunywa, amazi y'inzuzi, amazi yo mu nyanja, ibikubiye mu nyanja), muri iki gihe ibyuma 316 bidafite ishingiro bizarushaho gukwiriye.

Mubihe byinshi, nta tandukaniro ryinshi riri hagati yo kurwanya ruswa ya 304 ibyuma 304 bidafite ingaruka na 316 nta kabuza, ariko rimwe na rimwe, ariko rimwe na rimwe,

 

Kurwanya ubushyuhe

Mu gihe cyo gukoresha rimwe na rimwe munsi ya dogere 1600 no gukomeza gukoresha munsi ya dogere 1700, ibyuma 316 bidafite ingaruka bifite uburiganya bwa okiside nziza. Mugihe cya dogere 800-1575, nibyiza kudakoresha ibyuma 316 bidashira, ariko iyo ibyuma 316 bitagira ingano bikoreshwa mubukonje hanze yubushyuhe, ibyuma bitagira ingaruka bifite ubushyuhe bwiza. Imvura yo kugwa kwa karbide ya 316l ibyuma bitagira ingano iruta iy'ibyuma 316 idafite ibyuma, kandi intera yavuzwe haruguru irashobora gukoreshwa.

 

Kuvura ubushyuhe

Kudashira bikorwa mubushyuhe bwa dogere 1850-2050, hakurikiraho gukomera no gukonjesha byihuse {gukonjesha byihuse . 316} ibyuma bidafite ishingiro ntibishobora kunangira kuvurwa nubuvuzi.

 

Gusudira

316 Ibyuma bitagira ingaruka ku mikorere myiza. Uburyo bwose bwo gusudira burashobora gukoreshwa mugusumura. Ukurikije gusaba, 316cb, 316l, cyangwa 309cb ibyuma bidahwitse cyangwa inkoni zo gusudira zirashobora gukoreshwa mugusumura. Kugirango tubone imbaraga nziza zo guhangana, igice gisuditse cyibyuma 316 bidafite ingaruka bigomba kuba binswa nyuma yo gusudira. Niba 316l idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa, post -} anneil andne idasabwa.

 

Imiterere ya mashini

 

Ubwoko	Uts N / mm	Umusaruro N / mm	Kurambura %	Gukomera HRB	None None None
					byakozwe	bajugunywe
304	600	210	60	80	1.4301	1.4308
304L	530	200	50	70	1.4306	1.4552
316	560	210	60	78	1.4401	1.4408
316L	530	200	50	75	1.4406	1.4581

 

Y'ibimera byose, ibimera bidafite ikibazo bifite ingingo yo hasi. Kubwibyo, ukurikije imitungo ya mashini, ibyuma bidafite ikibazo ntabwo ari ibintu byiza kuri valve stem, kuko kugirango hashingiwe ku mbaraga runaka, diameter yumuti wa valve uziyongera. Ingingo yumusaruro ntishobora kwiyongera nubuvuzi bwubushyuhe, ariko irashobora kwiyongera kubukonje.

 

Magnetic

Kubera ikoreshwa ryinshi ryibyuma bidafite ibyuma, abantu bafite ibitekerezo bibi ko ibimera byose bitagira ingano atari magnetic. Kubyuma bya ausitique, birashobora gusobanuka nkatari -} magnetic, kandi nukuri kubikorwa byahimbwe. Ariko 304 byatunganijwe nubukonje buzaba muburyo bumwe. Kubyuma, niba ari 100% ibyuma bitagira 100%, ntabwo ari magnetiki.

 

 

 

Kurwanya ruswa ya ibyuma bya ausititike biva kumurongo wo kurinda chromide yahagaritswe hejuru yicyuma. Niba ibikoresho bishyuha ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru kurwego rwabantu 450 kugeza kuri 900, imiterere yibikoresho irahinduka, na chromium ifishi ya chromium hafi ya kristu. Muri ubu buryo, urwego rukingira oxide ntirushobora gushingwa ku nkombe ya kirisiti, bikaviramo kugabanyirizwa. Iyi myobe yitwa "ruswa ivanze".

Kubera iyo mpamvu, 304l ibyuma bitagira ingano na 316l ntibyari byateguwe kugirango barwanye ibyo ruswa. Byombi 304l idafite ibyuma na 316l idafite ibyuma birimo karubone nkeya kuko ibirimo bya karubone byagabanutse, kugirango hatabaho karusiko ya chromium kandi nta ruganda ruvanze.

Twabibutsa ko byoroshye kugaragariza ruswa bidasobanura ko non -}} ibikoresho bike bya karubone bikunda kurigandukira. Uku kwiyongera no kwiyongera murwego rwo hejuru {{2} ibidukikije bya chlorine.

Nyamuneka menya ko iki kintu giterwa nubushyuhe bwo hejuru (impamyabumenyi ya 450). Mubisanzwe kugurisha nimpamvu itaziguye yo kugera kuri ubu bushyuhe. Kumwanya woroshye wintebe ikibindi ntabwo byumvikana cyane kugirango ujye hamwe na karubone nkeya kubera ko tutabisuye kuri disiki, nubwo ibisobanuro byinshi bizahamagarira 304L cyangwa 316l.

 

 

Kuki ibyuma bitagira ingaruka zibona ingese? Iyo abantu baguye (amanota) bigaragara hejuru yimiyoboro yibyuma bitagira ingano, batekereza ko "ibyuma bidafite ikibazo, kandi niba ibyuma, ntabwo ari ikibazo cyubwiza bwibyuma." Mubyukuri, iyi ni imwe - imyumvire yita ku mwanya ugereranije no kubura imyumvire yibyuma. Icyuma kitagira ingaruka kandi birashobora kubona ingego mubihe bimwe.

Icyuma kitagira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo kurwanya okidespation yo mu kirere - ni ukuvuga, ntabwo ifite ubushobozi bwo gucyarwa mu bitangazamakuru, Alkalis, n'ubwinyukiro. Ariko ubunini bwa anti -} ubushobozi bwa ruswa bwahinduwe hamwe nibigize imiti yicyuma ubwabwo, leta yo gushimangira, imiterere ya serivisi, nuburyo bwo hagati bwibidukikije. Kimwe n'imiyoboro 304 y'ibyuma, mu kirere cyo kweza bwumye, irwanya neza ubushobozi bukabije burategurwa, ariko bimurwa i Riviera, mu gicu cy'inyanja kirimo umubare munini w'unyunyu, bizabona ingese; Umuyoboro w'icyuma 316 witwaye neza. Kubwibyo, ntabwo aribwo buryo ubwo aribwo bwose bw'icyuma butagira ingano bushobora kurwanya ruswa, ingese mu bidukikije byose.

 

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